Essay on Stereotypes are Grounded in Truth - 1109 Words

Assume you’re walking down a street and everywhere you turn you encounter pitch black darkness. You reach a point where you only have two choices; either you go left where there is a group of tattooed muscular black men or you go right where you find a group of well dressed white men. What would you do? Your immediate choice would be to stay clear from the group of black men and that you’d be better off going to the right. What just happened here was that you assumed a certain group of human beings is more likely to cause you harm than the other. From a very young age we start to categorize things in to different groups. We see pencils, pens, erasers and we categorize them in a group and call them ‘stationery’. Similarly we tend to†¦show more content†¦They would argue that because there’s a higher probability of black people being violent, the sane choice would be to avoid them. This may seem like a perfectly justified reason, but the view that on average black people tend to be more violent is a logical fallacy in itself. Most stereotypes develop due to illusory correlation; a ‘cognitive mechanism’ that erroneously implies a relationship between two unlikely events even though no such relationship exists. Black people are a minority in USA; one is less likely to run in to a black person on any given day. ‘Undesirable behavior’ is also an unlikely event as compared to ‘desirable behavior’. Since both of these events are unlikely, the combination of the two events leads us to ‘overestimate the rate of co-occurrence’ (Hamilton) and in turn makes us believe the stereotype that black people are generally more violent. Even though certain stereotypes may seem grounded in reality, but a closer and more rational approach would clearly render even these stereotypes false. Satoshi Kanazawa, a renowned psychologist at LSE, wrote â€Å"What people call â€Å"stereotypes† are what scientists call â€Å"empirical generalizations,† and they are the foundation of scientific theory. That’s what scientists do; they make generalizations. Many stereotypes are empirical generalizations with a statistical basis and thus on average tend to be true. If they are not true, they wouldn’t be stereotypes.† Kanazawa here putsShow MoreRelatedStereotypes Exist Because They Are Grounded in Truth1476 Words   |  6 Pages2015-10-0106 SS-100 Writing and Communication Raazia Waseem November 18, 2011. Stereotypes exist because they are grounded in truth. Why hasn’t anyone ever seen a ‘’white crow’’ flying under a ‘’yellow sky’’? Why hasn’t someone ever experienced a ‘’really hot’’ winter season? Indeed why hasn’t my best friend yet told me, how she was once a popular Hollywood star? Clearly, because their lies no truth in the statements that I have put forward. One cannot see a white crow, when the entireRead MoreStereotyping: A Phenomenon That Is Instigated Or Perpetually Within Us?1541 Words   |  7 Pagescover of the VOGUE magazine and not in an AP Math class almost as if it were a reflex action. What just happened here was that a stereotype was formed based on mere appearance. Although many people believe that stereotypes exist because they are grounded in truth, the fact that they are not set in stone and have the capacity to evolve, falsify this claim; the idea of stereotypes began with mere observations configured by the s ociety based on logical fallacies and the most prominent reason behind theirRead MoreWhat Are Stereotypes? Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pages Stereotypes are assumptions held about the characteristics of a particular group of people. These assumptions could be due to their race, culture, country, community and religion. Women are not as smart as men. Men are strong and do all the work. Americans are tolerant but arrogant. Girls are not good at sports. Black people are stronger than white people. Black people are criminals. Old folks are all very old fashioned. All blond women are dumb. Guys are messy and unclean. GirlsRead MoreThe Prevelence and Influences of Stereotypes1741 Words   |  7 Pagesexamples of stereotypes. Stereotypes-as one can conclude from the above sentences-are very broad generalizations targeted towards a group of individuals. They usually target minorities based on the habits and actions these minorities engage in. Even though many people find ste reotypes to be funny, and some individuals will even argue that a class of stereotypes can be proven to be correct because of research, they are nonetheless morally degrading and therefore, are not grounded in truth because ofRead MoreEthnic Stereotyping : Nereotyping, And Racial Stereotypes910 Words   |  4 PagesStereotypes Stereotypes refers to the features imposed upon individual groups which are conventional, formulaic and exaggerated regarding to their nationality, race and sexual alignment, among many others (Stuart Ewen Elizabeth Ewen; 2006). These features tend to be over simplications of the groups involved. For instance, somebody who meets some few people from a certain country and finds them to be old fashioned and quit may spread to all the people from the country in question are reserved andRead MoreSocial Construction1306 Words   |  6 Pagesmeaning whatsoever. The most important social construction is people. People create categories and ideas about how these people in those categories act. However, society assumes that women are more into shopping then men are. These are called stereotypes which cause discrimination and racism. Social constructionism accepts that there is an objective reality. It is concerned with how knowledge is constructed and understood. It has therefore an epistemological not an ontological perspective. CriticismsRead MoreBreaking Stereotypes1137 Words   |  5 Pagesexamples it can be said that: stereotypes exist because they are grounded in truth. Although people tend to argue that stereotypes are exaggerations and unfair generalizations, nevertheless, it is important to understand that stereotypes are linked to reality, this can be understood from stereotypes such as Muslims are terrorists, All Jews are greedy, Women are oppressed by men , and Western countries mostly have scarce family bonding, since these stereotypes are based on history and pastRead MoreA Brief Argument Of Evolutionary Psychology By Putting Emphasis On Environment And Nurture1543 Words   |  7 Pagesexamples of eminent gender stereotypes in our society representative of conventional gender roles and generalized beliefs regarding gender attributes The word stereotypes is definitely one with negative connotations and often simultaneously used with the word prejudice and bias nevertheless there are some who strongly believe that gender stereotypes are rooted in true observations. Gender stereotypes can even be accurate at times†¦. As we have seen gender stereotypes and the subsequent gender rolesRead MoreRacial Stereotypes : The Black Men Are Good At Basketball1269 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY 1301 Racial Stereotypes Instructor: Dr. Chim O. Ahanotu Trinity Lawrence May 2, 2016 â€Æ' For as long as the world has existed, there have been a number of stereotypes labeled upon people all because of their race. A stereotype is an oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. Racial stereotypes should not exist. We should not assume things about people that may not be true. I have a dream that racial stereotypes seize to exist. As an African AmericanRead MoreIs Journalistic Objectivity Beneficial?1093 Words   |  5 Pagesbe beneficial, and under what circumstances can objective journalism be harmful? â€Å"A definition of journalistic objectivity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  offered by Sandrine Boudana of New York University says that â€Å"Objectivity is a standard that promotes truth, defined as correspondence, grounded in correctness, between thought and reality.† This definition offers guidance for what objectivity in which some scholars fail to define. The dictionary defines objectivity as a lack of bias, judgment or prejudice. These definitions

Using Birth Control Medicine And Education - 951 Words

In society, people feel like they are alone, and by themselves, but in reality there is more people than most others think is on Earth. As of March 18, 2016, there are 7,409,636,800 people on Earth at 10:19 a.m. (World-O-Meters) Global citizens of the Earth need to find ways to resolve this situation; if people do not try to solve this problem there could be many consequences. From research, this problem could be resolved by using birth control medicine and education people about sexual intercourse, ending vaccines for diseases, and by sending people to live in space. â€Å"Overpopulation occurs when an organism s numbers exceed the carrying capacity of its habitat.† (Global Footprint Network) As humans, people use a lot of resources to help themselves. â€Å"Today humanity uses the equivalent of 1.6 planets to provide the resources we use and absorb our waste. This means it now takes the Earth one year and six months to regenerate what we use in a year.† (Global Footprint Network) The ratio of resources used to the amount of resources the Earth provides is so off balanced; this ratio could worsen if there was more people on it. In addition, â€Å"we will need the equivalent of two Earths to support us.† (Global Footprint Network) Overpopulation is becoming such a major problem that we would need that extra planet in space to support us. To begin with, by educating people around the globe, humans can be more aware of the consequences that are involved in sexual intercourse andShow MoreRelatedFree And Accessible Birth Control17 22 Words   |  7 PagesAccessible Birth Control in the United States A total of 730,322 abortions were reported from the Centers for Disease Control in 2011. This could easily be resolved with proper usage of birth control. But the fact of the matter is that only 62% of women are actually using proper birth control, now this may seem like a lot of women, but there is 158.6 million women in the United States alone so 58.5 million are currently not on any birth control which is a huge amount of women. Birth control needsRead MoreImportance Of Birth Control In The 21st Century1423 Words   |  6 PagesBirth control is a vital necessity in the 21st century for various reason. This paper is about taking a proactive stance for birth control, sex education and condoms, before conception mainly to promote a healthy society. It is needed more responsibly in the 21st century for a healthier society to thrive and grow at a rate that is not explosive. Birth control is not a new subject in matter compared to the 18th and 19th century methods which was rarely d iscussed but practiced and abstinence just wasRead MoreThe Innovation Of The Birthing Experience1280 Words   |  6 Pageshas been described as an emotional life-altering moment for women. Women should be allowed the opportunity to make personal choices regarding medical interventions for their birth and delivery options. This paper examines women within the hospital and home setting, the use of a mid-wife and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the effect of cultural authority and medicalization on the birthing experience. Video Review The â€Å"Business of Being Born† video explores the various birthing experiencesRead MoreTeen Pregnancy And Teenage Pregnancy1456 Words   |  6 PagesOne way to help the teen pregnancy statistics would be birth control. Teenagers should have more access to birth control, particularly LARCs (long-acting reversible contraceptives), and be more informed about it. There are many reasons why this should be. For starters, it would help the child and the mother. It could also help the U.S. not be so high on the list of number of teen pregnancies in the world. Over time, better access to birth control could significantly decrease the number of teen momsRead MoreHow Did The People And Events That Changed Medical History1105 Words   |  5 PagesPeople and Events that Changed Medical History Modern Medicine wouldn’t be the same without major turning points in history. Not only did it change the way people work in hospitals, but it changed the way people live their lives. Because of these medical discoveries and scientists, people are able to live happy, healthy lives. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered the â€Å"Father of Microbiology.† He was passionate about lens grinding and could adjust light extremely well. He developed a compoundRead MoreAbortion Is The Ending Of Pregnancy Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesof pregnancy. Induced abortion requires use of medication and surgical methods in modern medicine. Mifepristone and prostaglandin are two medications that are as effective as surgical methods. Despite the effectiveness of medication in what are known as trimester in modern medicine, surgical method is seen to have a lower risk of side effects. Immediately after an abortion, the patient is put under birth control which includes intrauterine devices and pills. Although this practice has not been legalizedRead MoreShould Tennagers Be Allowed to Get Birth Control Without Parent Consent?1727 Words   |  7 PagesShould Teenagers Be Allowed to Get Birth Control without the Permission of Parents? KaTrina Bacon English 215 February 2, 2012 Dr.Sharonda Johnson Should Teenagers Be Allowed to Get Birth Control without the Permission of Parents? Of all the many controversies that have affected the United States in the past decades, birth control has been one of the more important topics. Some popular birth control methods are the female and male condoms, and the birth control pill. Even though both of theseRead MoreBirth Control And Abortion Should Not Be Used Widely1440 Words   |  6 Pages Birth Control and Abortion Should Not be Used Widely Submitted by: Yuhuan Yu Submitted to: Daniela Greco-Giancola Class: Act Writing Date: August 11, 2014 Word Count: 1281 The world population is 7.046 billion and there are 8.260 million new babies are born every year (Worldometers n.d.), because of this global over population problem, some countries’ government allowed birth control pill and medicine or artificial abortion can be used to control the population. Now, due to different reasonRead MoreSex! No Longer a Dirty Word1632 Words   |  7 PagesLonger a Dirty Word Sex in America’s high schools is a reality that must be faced head on. Many high school students today are struggling with the decision to have sex. As a society, are we letting today’s teens down by not having a full sexual education curriculum available in all high schools? In a study conducted in 2007, detailing the sexual activity of high school students, between grades ninth and twelfth showed that 48% of students had sexual intercourse (46% girls 50% boys) (ReCAPP). So whyRead MoreCondom Distribution in Public Schools Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pagessexually responsible? Who will fund these interventions? Some people believe teaching children and teens about abstinence is the best way to minimize pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Birth control is an alternative used to prevent pregnancy, not necessarily sexually transmitted diseases and using condoms is always a way to protect from diseases and unwanted pregnancies. With these different alternatives and many parents feel as if the program goes against their beliefs and values as a parent/guardian

The Demand for the Usage of the Bridge-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain why only the demand side of the Market covered in this case study could be seen as Perfectly Competitive and why the case study suggests that the demand curve is downward sloping. 2.The Case study Identifies some non-price determinants of demand. Explain how changes in these determinants Impact upon Market outcomes. 3.Use your understanding of price elasticity of demand to speculate on the impact on bridge revenues of a near 50% reduction for a one way crossing. Answers: 1.In the given case study, it is seen that it is about a bridge that crosses Oresund Strait. The bridge is owned by the state and thus it is highly competitive goods. Moreover, it is not that easy to increase the supply of the bridge anytime they want. This makes the supply of the bridge fixed in that area. Thus due to the change in price that the travelers needs to pay while crossing the bridge affects only the demand side of the market. However, the price of crossing the bridge is same for the state and thus it has to be taken as given. The demand for the usage of the bridge cannot alter the price that the authorities have set for crossing the bridge. Thus, the demand for the bridge is elastic at the given price as it is n the case of perfectly competitive market. Thus, this proves that the case show only the demand side of the market as perfectly competitive. The case also suggests that due to perfect competition the demand curve is downward sloping. This is because in such a market with an increase in price the demand of the people crossing the bridge decreases. Thus, the inverse relationship between the price and the demand for the bridge makes the demand curve downward sloping (Foster, Haltiwanger, Syverson, 2016). As the market forces set the cost of crossing the bridge it has to be applied otherwise, the travelers might take other routes. Thus, the market has to reach the equilibrium price in any case affecting the demand in inverse direction. It is seen in the case that due to high cost the car movement got reduced in the bridge, whereas, drop in the cost attracts much more traffic in a year. The case has violated two assumptions to the law of supply such as no speculation about future prices and unchanged cost of production. It is seen that due to a fall in traffic crossing the bridge, the state decided to change the price that the travelers pay while crossing the bridge. It decided to cut 50 percent off on one way travelling. Such as decision was taken with a speculation of increasing the flow of traffic on the bridge. This violated the assumption of supply that stated no speculation of future prices. Moreover, in order to attract more traffic on the bridge the staffs managing the bridge started taking up new advertising campaign, which will result in an increase in their production and management cost. Such an effort by the bridge maintenance staff led to the violation of another assumption of supply. According to the assumption of supply, the cost of production should not change. This assumption was made on the ground that if the cost of production increases along wit h the price then it would not be profitable for the state to own the bridge. However, this assumption was violated in the case study by investing more on advertisement (Rios, McConnell, Brue, 2013). 2.The non-price determinant of demand that has been pointed out in the case study is the taste and preference of the consumers. According to this determinant, a consumer chances its demand for a product depending on his/her tastes and preference of a good (Mankiw, 2014). This change in demand is irrespective of the price the company is charging for the good. Similarly, in the case study it is seen that the demand for the bridge from the ministers of Sweden is affected due to their preferences. They do not prefer to travel from the bridge due to its teething problem irrespective of the fees charged on the bridge while travelling. In such as case the demand changes due to change in non-price factor and price remaining constant. Thus, a change in this factor will affect the demand either positively or negatively. It also has an impact on the equilibrium price as there is a shift in the demand curve upward or downward. Figure 1: Shift in demand due to change in preference of the travelers Source: Authors creation From the above diagram, it can be seen that the supply curve of the bridge is relatively inelastic because the authority of the bridge cannot increase the supply of the bridge even if there is an increase in the cost charged for crossing it. This is because there is a lot of capital and time required to built the bridge or extend it. This makes the supply curve relatively elastic (Pinson, Madsen, 2014). Demand curve is directly affected by the changes in the preferences of the travelers to cross the bridge. Firstly, it can be seen that with the increase in preferences of the travelers to use the bridge to go from one place to another will lead to an increase in demand curve. In the figure, it resulted in an upward shift in demand curve from D to D1. Thus, the demand for the bridge increases from Q to Q1. Whereas, the opposite reaction happens when the preference of the customer moves away from the bridge and take a different route instead will cause a decrease in the demand for the bridge. This will result in a downward shift of the curve from D to D2. This result in a fall n quantity demanded from Q to Q2. Moreover, it is seen that even though the change in demand was not due to the change in the price yet the price is affected. It is seen that the equilibrium price before the chances took pace was at E. with a rise in demand the price shifted to E1 and with a fall in demand, the price fell to E2. This happens because with a rise in demand for the product there is excess demand in the market compared to supply. This pushes the price up (Wetzstein, 2013). Similar affect happen with a fall in price that causes excess supply. Thus with a change in non-price factors the equilibrium price is also affected. 3.Due to the reducing demand for using, the bridge by the travelers for travelling purpose the authority decided to reduce the price by 50 percent for the one way crossing. This was decided to be done for the last three months of the year. However, such a reduction in price of crossing the bridge will lead to an increase in the demand of the customer. The demand for the bridge is highly elastic because of the availability of other substitutes such as ferry and alternative routes. Such elasticity of demand causes a huge change in demand for the product with a slight change in price of crossing the bridge. This is because according to elasticity of demand it shows the percentage of change in quantity demanded by the customer with a slight change in price of the bridge (Lin Prince, 2013). Figure 2: Elasticity of demand Source: Authors creation From the above figure it can be seen that a highly elastic demand curve is slanting and downward sloping. A slight change in price in such as curve causes a huge change in quantity demanded. As it can be seen that as price fell from P1 to P2 the quantity demanded for the product increases from Q1 to Q2. Similar effect happened when the authority decided to reduce the price by fifty percent for one-way crossing. The increase in the demand for bridge usage will cause an increase in the revenue (Mankiw, 2014). It can be seen that under highly elastic demand, percentage increase in quantity demanded is relatively more than the percentage decrease in price. This proves that the revenue from the bridge will also increase more than fifty percent of the decrease in the cost charged for crossing the bridge. This is demand for the bridge is highly elastic due to availability of large number of substitutes such as alternative routes, ferry and others. The gap between the increase in price and t he number of travelers in the route is wide enough. Thus, it can be seen that the management team of the bridge that runs across Oresund Strait will gain a lot after a decrease in price by fifty percent for the travelers. Travelers will at least choose this route more than the alternative routes for one way if not two way. Price elasticity of demand thus offers a great help to the bridge authority to decide whether they should implement any cut off on the price of crossing the bridge. This is because it directly helps them to know the revenue of the state. It is a good technique to decide the price of every product in order to estimate the revenues. References Foster, L., Haltiwanger, J., Syverson, C. (2016). The slow growth of new plants: Learning about demand?.Economica,83(329), 91-129. Kirzner, I. M. (2015).Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Lin, C. Y. C., Prince, L. (2013). Gasoline price volatility and the elasticity of demand for gasoline.Energy Economics,38, 111-117. Mankiw, N. G. (2014).Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Pinson, P., Madsen, H. (2014). Benefits and challenges of electrical demand response: A critical review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,39, 686-699. Rios, M. C., McConnell, C. R., Brue, S. L. (2013).Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Wetzstein, M. E. (2013).Microeconomic theory: concepts and connections. Routledge.

Time And Guilt Essays - I Stand Here Ironing,

Time And Guilt Time and Guilt In Tillie Olsen's narrative I Stand Here Ironing, I interpreted that there was a reflection of the loss of time and the sense of guilt between a mother and daughter. This is displayed in the authors word choice, point of view, imagery and tone. Olsen begins her narrative while ironing and talking on the phone. Her daughter needs help, she is told. So she begins to ask herself a million questions. She wonders why her daughter needs help, how she can help her, and what she could have done to prevent her from straying so far in the first place. As these questions run through her mind the iron in her hand moves swiftly back and forth in rhythm, throughout the entire narrative. Ironing being an act of boredom. With each movement she has a new thought regarding her daughter; she questions how she could have raised her to be a better person. In this essay one senses Emily's resentment toward her mother. This is because of the way in which she had been treated, for it is clearly obvious that Emily was unknowingly denied the love and attention a normal child would receive. What is odd though is that throughout the narrative one can feel the love Olsen has for her daughter. Nevertheless, this love that Olsen claims to have for her daughter, is not expressed enough to Emily, which, therefore, leads Emily to acquire many feelings of resentment, neglect and perhaps even betrayal toward her mother. A good example occurs when Olsen is confronted about her love for her daughter, and she says, What was in my face when I looked at her? This clearly shows how unaware she is of her daughter's feelings. This is suggested continuously throughout the story when Olsen recounts how she had to send her daughter away while she worked. Although, the act was unintentional, too much time away from one's loved one, for too long can have a drastic effect on a person; most especially a child. That is why Emily seems so bitter; She was a child seldom smiled at, (6). Who could blame her for not smiling? She had been sent away from her family during so many key points in her life. First, she had been sent way when she was a baby in order for her mom to get back on her feet. Next, she was sent away to a convalescent hospital where she was again separated from her family. How was she supposed to live a normal life when all that she loved and depended on kept leaving her life? Emily was constantly denied stability, and that is a major factor in allowing her to lead a normal life. Olsen says her husband could no longer endure sharing want with them (2). When broken down, want suggests that he did not care to share a life of poverty with them. Could this be true also for Olsen toward Emily, but in a different text? To Olsen, what if it means that she can no longer continue to hold expectations for her daughter? Does that not constitute for want also? Maybe that is what the whole story is about. On the outside it looks like a story about a conflict between mother and daughter, but there are many interpretations to be pondered. What if the story is really about a mother that drops all expectations for her daughter in order for her to lead a normal life before it is too late? Or, better yet, maybe it is Emily that can no longer endure want? Whatever the case is, one thing is for sure and that is that Emily has been denied something that could have made her whole. Olsen uses such verbs as remember, sift, weigh, estimate, total, all of which mean that she must consider carefully. In the beginning these words are used to show how Olsen begins to examine her daughter's life. In the conclusion, she employs the words dredging; which means to dig up or search, compounds; which means to combine or add, and total again, which in this case means to sum up. This suggests that in the end she has concluded her observation of her daughter, and that is that she will never come to a conclusion of her daughter. She will never total it all. Tillie Olsen writes a great story about raising her daughter, Emily. She makes good use of word choice in describing their life story, informing us of how being a single parent was hard, and that the war did not contribute any good either to raising her daughter. Olsen excels at getting across her